Confused about how land records like Porcha or Khatian are created in West Bengal? Understanding the origin and evolution of your land documents is crucial—especially when buying, selling, or inheriting property. Yet, few property owners fully grasp the multi-stage process behind these legal documents.
In this article, we’ll break down each stage of Porcha or Khatian preparation in West Bengal—from the Cadastral Survey (CS) to the Latest Revisions (LR)—and explain how these records impact land ownership, legal disputes, and property rights.
The Porcha or Khatian is a vital land record in West Bengal, reflecting ownership, possession, and land classification. This article outlines its evolution from CS (Cadastral Survey) to SA (State Acquisition) and finally to LR (Latest Revisions). Understanding these stages is key for landowners, buyers, and legal professionals dealing with property transactions or disputes.
Understanding the stages of Khatian (Porcha) preparation in West Bengal is crucial for anyone dealing with land ownership or property verification in the state. A Khatian, also known as Porcha, is an official land record that provides vital information such as the owner’s name, land area, classification, and type of possession. Over time, the process of preparing Khatians has evolved significantly through three major phases: the Cadastral Survey (CS), the Revisional Survey (RS), and the Land Reforms (LR) stage.
Each stage reflects a different historical and administrative shift in land ownership and record-keeping. This comprehensive guide explains these stages in detail and highlights their importance in maintaining legally accurate and up-to-date land records in West Bengal.
What Is a Porcha or Khatian?
In West Bengal, Porcha (or Khatian) is a government-issued record of land ownership, containing details such as the owner’s name, land area, classification, and tenancy rights. While “Porcha” is commonly used in Bengali, the legal term is “Khatian.”
Each Khatian is tied to a specific Dag Number (plot number) under a Mouza (village jurisdiction) and includes:
- Owner’s name
- Classification of land
- Tenancy rights
- Land area in acres or hectares
- Mutation status
Stages of Khatian Preparation: CS to LR
1. Cadastral Survey (CS) – The Foundation Stage (Early 20th Century)
- Conducted during British rule, the CS was the first comprehensive land survey in Bengal.
- Created initial Dag Numbers and Khatian numbers.
- Focused on mapping ownership and land classification for taxation.
- These records still exist and are useful in property disputes but may no longer reflect current ownership.
2. State Acquisition (SA) – Post-Independence Update
- After the Zamindari Abolition Act in 1955, land ownership shifted from zamindars to tenants and farmers.
- The SA records revised CS entries to reflect these changes.
- Aimed to document lawful ownership following land reform policies.
3. Revisional Settlement or LR (Latest Revisions)
- The LR stage ensures land records reflect current possession and ownership.
- Conducted by the West Bengal Land and Land Reforms Department.
- Includes mutation updates, sale, partition, and inheritance-based ownership changes.
- LR Khatian is the most legally accepted version in today’s transactions.
Why the Evolution from CS to LR Matters
Understanding the history of your Khatian helps ensure:
- Clear legal title in case of a sale or purchase
- Proof of ownership in court disputes
- Eligibility for loans, subsidies, or compensation
- Accurate mutation and land tax records
Key Documents Needed for Porcha Verification
To access or verify a Khatian in West Bengal, you may need:
- CS, SA, and LR Khatians for comparison
- Registered deed and mutation certificate
- Application ID (for digital records)
- Identity proof (Aadhaar, voter ID)
How to View or Download Your Khatian Online
Visit the BanglarBhumi portal and follow these steps:
- Go to “Know Your Property”
- Select your District, Block, and Mouza
- Enter either the Khatian Number or Plot Number
- Click “View” to display your latest land record
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. What is the difference between CS, SA, and LR Khatian?
CS is the original British-era survey, SA reflects post-independence reforms, and LR is the most recent and legally accepted record.
Q2. Which Khatian is valid for legal purposes?
The LR Khatian is considered the current and valid record for most legal and registration processes.
Q3. Can I access my Khatian online?
Yes, visit BanglarBhumi.gov.in and use the “Know Your Property” service.
Q4. Is Porcha the same as a land title?
No. Porcha is a land record but not a title deed. Ownership is proven through registered sale deeds and continuous mutation.
Q5. How do I update my Khatian?
Apply for mutation through your local Land Revenue office or the BanglarBhumi portal if ownership changes.
Q6. What happens if CS and LR Khatian show different owners?
The LR Khatian is prioritized, but older records like CS may be required for resolving land disputes or title verification.
Conclusion
The Porcha or Khatian in West Bengal is more than just a document—it’s the backbone of property ownership and legal security. From Cadastral Surveys to Latest Revisions, each stage adds a layer of legal clarity and historical record. Whether you’re a buyer, heir, or investor, understanding these stages helps protect your property rights and ensures smoother transactions.
For the most accurate and updated land information, always rely on the LR Khatian and use official government portals like BanglarBhumi for verification and services.